Video Games Impact on Peoples Lives

Introduction The current world has had a great deal of revolution in so many sectors, one of them being the information sector which has been promoted greatly by the invention of computer and other related gadgets. Such inventions have been followed by a number of other technological developments that have come to capture the interest of so many people in the society since these new discoveries have made life so simple as far as the process of handling tasks that were so hard to tackle in the past is concerned.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Video Games Impact on Peoples Lives specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Besides simplifying life, information technology has provided entertainment facilities that have formed the major landmark in the contemporary world of fun. One of the greatest inventions in the entertainment field is the discovery of video games. These games have had a great influence in the minds of people, especially the children who have stopped playing the usual games on the fields to sticking on the computer and television screens playing video games. This research paper will extensively expound on the way the video games are interconnected with information, technology, and society. It begins by offering a brief history of video games industry, which will followed by a discussion on the relationship between video games, technology and society. Brief History of Video Games The term â€Å"Video game† is a generic term that is used to describe any type of electronic device meant for entertainment purposes. The device is handheld and audio-visual. The history of video is known to have emerged from the Cathode Ray Amusement Device. The cathode tubes were missile defense systems that were in use in the late 1940s. Since the tubes were being used for the defense purposes, modifications were being made from time to time. The modification of the defense system meant that the video games were being simplified into a more adaptable and useful products. In the late 1950s and 1960s, numerous computers had been developed, particularly the main frame computers, personal computers and consequently the handheld games (Gunter, 1998). Video Games and Media and Communication The technology behind the video games has drastically evolved with time due to the dynamic characteristic of technology, especially information systems. Video games have a great relationship with media and communication in the sense that they are developed on the same platform of technology due to the fact they all revolve around the information systems that basically involve the computers. The technology behind the video games have emanated from an integration of two types of media, which involves the audiovisual and the graphical games.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These are designed with great expertise to imitate the real games and actions that are played in the real life situation (Downing, 2010). These games have brought great changes compared to the normal audiovisual entertainment that does not give the audience a chance to participate, but the video games have an interface that offers an opportunity for people to interact with the players in the game. Another major connection between video games and media and communication is the fact both are used in conveying a variety of information to people in different ways. This happens in the sense that these two areas of media offer an interactive format which gives people a virtual arena to learn so many things that are happening in the world. For instance, some games are created to depict common sports hence people learn the tactics used in playing those games in reality. Video games have also come to compliment what the usual media forms used to offer in the past. It is very clear that the usual m edia and communication facilities such as television, magazines, and books did not offer an interactive platform for children to learn new skills (Jozefowicz, 2009). But video games, on the contrary, have improved the way information essential for kids to learn is conveyed, whereby video games have altered the format by offering children or any person an opportunity to interact with the game through participation. Thus, in the course of one playing the game, there is a great impact that is imposed on the person with regards to gaining knowledge. Several skills are learned in the process of playing video games which enables an individual to develop the capacity to handle challenges and maneuver them in a tactical manner. These also inculcates the power of reasoning and fast thinking since most of them involve activities that have challenging tasks that a person is needed to do and possibly win. They also enable an individual to have a pursuing attitude in life due to the fact most of the video games have levels which one goes escalating as he or she maneuver the challenges. This levels and the pursuit of the player to reach the highest level possible makes a person to have mentality of not losing hope in life. Other games are created to convey messages touching on the society such as peace, harmony and environment, which are very important issues in life. The aspect that makes video games to have some commonalities with media and communication especially in the current world of technology is the mode of storage and conveyance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Video Games Impact on Peoples Lives specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All these forms of media can be stored in very complex gadgets which are extremely small, convenient and with big capacity such as the compact disks, cartridges, flash disks, micro SD cards and even in the Internet in various ways such as the emails. They can also be moved from one point to another in a very efficient manner by use the same gadgets. Video games have also taken after media and communication in the sense that they are also changing with time. That is, from analogue to digital technology. This has taken over in many areas and at the same time led to the transformation of gadgets from the bulky size to small portable gadgets. This has become a trend in every sector of media and communication tool and also gadgets used for communication such as mobile phones have been installed with video games which are on digital format (Entertainment Software Association, 2011). Video Games and Marketing Perspective In the contemporary world, video games have become a major product for a majority of people, especially the young generation who have become the biggest consumers of these games. According to Holmes (2010), most people in the present world that is flooded with a lot of technological have shifted from the physical outdoor recrea tional activities to indoor less tiring games that are provided through computers and other related gadgets. There are also some recreational places that have made these venture a commercial enterprise where people go to relax as they play games. At the same time there are people who like watching sports such as soccer on the television screens and wish to virtually participate in the game. Such instances have led to the development of video games that involve sports hence they offer such kind of people an opportunity to enjoy playing the game using the players they like and the teams they support. Video games have therefore captured a wide range of consumers thus translating to thee growth of their market. With the invention of video games and their dynamic nature, a wide a range of market has cropped up since the number of consumers has increased considerably. Many business people have started venturing in this industry starting all the way to create video games to retailing them. The increased demand for these games have also made video games developers to research deeply on more advanced technology to integrate in the games so as to remain competitive in the market. For instance, independent game developers are nowadays using the Internet rather than conventional retail channels to reach customers. As computing and graphics power has increased, many firms have also grown to house increasing graphical and programming complexities. The market for video games have also been highly promoted by the association of most of the video games with real activities such as movies and sports that have been set in a graphical manner to be played by people as video games. This development has been accelerated by the fact that most people are fanatics of some of these recreational activities but they only enjoy them by watching on television and cinema screens. For example, FIFA and Sony are the leading organizations in collaborating with developers of soccer video games.A dvertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, since most of these activities have now been transformed into games, such people become so excited playing them since they can now virtually feel as though they are taking part in the scenes when they are playing the games. This transformation has led to a great rise in the market of video games. Many factors have also played a major role in marketing the video games in various ways hence making this venture to be well known across the world. One of the common way through which video games have been advertised is by use of the Internet which provides a wider view since it covers all over the globe. Video games are therefore displayed on the advertising websites and other sites especially the social networks since they have a big number of viewers (Jacko, 2009). They are marketed by use of word of mouth. For instance, a child can inform another about a news video in the market hence making that kid to insist of having the same. Video game dealers also give promotions to th eir customers which are one of the best ways of attracting more customers and at the same time creating royal consumers. The origin of video games has also become the major player in marketing video games. Video games that are created on the basis of captivating movies or sports do very well in the market since their origin already has a captivating nature. Characters used in the video games can also be another crucial aspect that attracts the attention of customers because many people wish to play games that have their favorite movie star, cartoon star or player in a certain sport. Such characters act as very important tools of marketing the video games. The introduction and commercialization of video games have also contributed a lot to the improvement of the economy in various ways. One of the ways is by acting as an income generating venture to those people who develop the video games. It also acts as a source of employment to many people, starting from those who work at the pro duction level to those who are at the distributing and retailing platform. They also offer a wide range of other job opportunities such that there are people who work as sales and marketing personnel and others who start businesses that involve offering recreational environment by playing games at a fee. The business of video games has also earned countries with revenue in the form of tax. All these forms of revenue generating sectors have influenced positively the economy in general. Historical Development of Video Games As earlier mentioned, video games have undergone a great deal of evolution as far as technology is concerned. The earliest video game made its debut in the business arena back in 1971 and was called the computer space. It made a landmark in the recreational sector during this decade across America and other regions such Europe and Asia (Japan). Nevertheless, this industry was faced by major setbacks in the course of its teething stage since it had not set firm tech nological roots. Various companies that had started making video games were directed to dispose their stock of video games that seemed to be in obsolescence due to poor standards of technology that led to low quality games. These challenges even went to a point of afflicting the American video game industry with worse effects such total closure of the trade. This led to the transfer of the venture from United States of America to Japan, which seemed to have the competence technology wise to improve the gaming discovery and development (Wikipedia, 2011). The gaming market for video games still remained strong despite the fact that the market for video games was negatively affected. But this was not the case in Japan since the development of video games went on as usual and actually grew stronger because this country was working really hard on their technological expertise to ensure that they remain at the top. Various generations of computer games came up following one another in Jap an, but it became very hard for other corporations in places such as USA and Europe to keep with pace and competence of Japan. It was not until the development of the fourth generation of the video games that at least USA and Europe were able to have the required knowledge to facilitate them to have a share in this new generation. But at the same they were not as equipped as Japan hence the latter went on dominating in the industry. This went till the introduction of the sixth generation of video games that had a different company other than only a Japanese affiliated corporation to deal with. All in all, this was just a passing cloud for America since with the introduction of portable gadgets that would be used to play video games, the glory that USA had started basking under began fading away since they had not created a firm technological platform to enable them to compete successfully. Japanese video game companies went on doing very well in the industry especially in the develo pment of portable gadgets that contained games such as mobile phones, PSPs, and other electronic devices. These set Japan at a very favorable position in the gaming market hence making them to dominate in this industry for quite some time. The evolution of video game was so dynamic and seemed perpetual since even to this date there are so many new form of games that are being developed to suite the current generation that has been drowned in the advanced technologies, especially revolving around computer systems and the Internet. Improvements have been made and keep on being done so as to meet the demands of the present customers and at the same time, companies that deal with making video games are working hard to remain competent and create loyal customers for their games. The invention of other technologies such as the Internet has also marked the history of the gaming industry in various ways. The internet has led to the elevation of computer games to activities that can be acces sed, shared and played by people in different locations online. Another historical landmark in the video games venture is the introduction of the 3-D (three dimension) technology which has completely transformed the gaming interfaces to a more realistic, interactive and interesting format. The history of video games therefore becomes longer as time goes by because there are so many changes that are being made as result of the need to keep at par with the dynamic nature of technology and the needs of society (Jacko, 2010). Future Implications of Video games on Society There are number of influences that the video games will have in the future, whereby some will be positive while others will be negative. Positive implications may include a number of factors that endorse the fact that these games really have some benefits to the consumer. Video games have depicted some positive aspects that can be advantage if put into use. For instance, some companies and national departments in Ameri ca have adopted the trend of using g certain games to employ and orient people to the tasks they are going to handle in the job place. This has been discovered to be a much efficient way of recruiting and training new employees since these games are consistent and do not have any partiality. At the same time they can always be updated depending on the amendments that have cropped up. The use of video games in recruiting new employees is also very economical since it does not require a panel of professional trainers to undertake this task as it has always been in the past or else in the areas that have not integrated such kind of mechanism in their system. This technology is also advantageous since it can be used by a chain of companies since it has a conventional nature. Video games have also been proved to be used in learning new skills in various activities such as in sports, whereby children have adopted the system of playing video games with the aim of learning how to play real games such as soccer (Raise Smart Kids, 2011). Other people also play some games that are based on the idea of racing cars to learn more skills of driving. Gaming has also been used by the military personnel to teach themselves new skills of defense. Video games, besides being used as a learning tool are also used as a recreational facility, in which people relax at home or in their offices after a hard day’s work and play these games to relief them the stresses of the day and work. This trend is deemed to continue in future. Children also play video games at home after school to keep them occupied and give them an opportunity to relax and interact with each other. Video games have added the number of recreational activities in the leisure places which has created a diversified the pleasures of such places. Parents who go with their kids to places of recreation do not have any worry since they know their kids will also have a good time playing video games with other children. Gaming has also been used as a method of lowering a person’s depression caused by sad situations that a person meets in life. It has also been proven that people who frequently play video games have a better ability to handle tough tasks in their job places than those who rarely or do not play at all. This is a clear indication that video games sharpen a person’s expertise since most of them subject a person to very difficult virtual tasks (Jacko, 2009). With reference to the preceding facts, one can realize that the current generation which has been entrenched in video games will have a higher ability of maneuvering in many ways as far as solving tasks and doing sports is concerned. Video games also enables people to utilize their skills virtually which could be very difficult to do or attain in real life since some of the real life activities are very hard to access or very expensive to set up. For instance, a person might be yearning to have an experience of partic ipating in a certain movie or sport but cannot do that in reality. That person is able to have an experience closer to what he or she wished to have by playing a video game. Gaming will also decrease the number of social misdemeanors that are perpetrated due to idleness because most of the young generations are preoccupying their minds by playing video games hence avoiding them from staying idle (Jozefowicz, 2009). Actually this is making them to develop a creative mind since these games jog their minds. However, video games will also have some terrible negative effects to the present generation in future in many ways. Some games have violent themes which if played may induce a nature of violence in the minds of the players. Gunter (1998) outlines that children tend to become so vulnerable to violent aggressions with one another as they try to imitate what is done on the computer games. Some kids also develop a tendency of wanting to experiment what they are doing in such games and since some of the video games are based on very abstract or complicated theories, they end up falling victims of very perilous encounters. Violent video games have also led to drug abuse and alcoholism which at the end have resulted to serious crimes. Video games will also pose great danger to the health of many people due to the fact that they are less physical hence making such people to develop health conditions such as obesity, diabetes and heart diseases due to lack of proper exercise (Downing, 2010). Video Games and Human Needs The objective of video games is not only entertainment, but also providing psychological needs, at least in a short period. The more a player succeeds in playing the game, the more he or she keeps playing it. It helps people to reduce stress as it improves the player’s hearing and touching senses. In addition, successful individuals are deemed to gain vitality after playing such games because of the challenges encountered in different stages of p lay (JS, 2007). However, too much gaming can also predispose people to mental problems such as being so aggressive, withdrawal behavior, in which a person does not want to socialize with people, and acute insanity due to being brainwashed by the scenes in the games. Playing video games can also become addictive which if not checked early might make people to stop working so as to play games. Such instances can cause gross problems in the work places between the staff and the executive since the employees do not work as expected due to the fact they use the working hour playing games on their computer and mobile phones. Video games have led to poor performance of students in schools since most of them dedicate all their time to playing video games hence lacking time to study (Raise Smart Kids, 2009). Conclusion In a nut shell, it can be concluded that video games era has had a great impact on peoples’ lives especially the computer literate generation. Video games have changed so many things in the society in a diversified manner. Some effects have posed the society with positive implications while others have subjected people to very adverse situations. The discovery of video games have also changed so many things and at the same time made life so easy since activities that could only be done on the actual set up can now be efficiently and interestingly be done on the screens of television, computers or displays of some electronic gadgets. The introduction of video games has also made electronic companies to be on their toes so as to remain competitive in the gaming market. This has led to the formation of very sophisticated gadgets that have state- of- art video games as one of the applications to compliment these gadgets such as the mobile phones, iPods and iPads. References Downing, S. (2010). Online Gaming and the Social Construction of Virtual Victimization. Journal for Computer Game Culture, 4(2): 277-285. Entertainment Software Association. (2011) . Video Game Marketing Research. Web. Gunter, B. (1998).The Effects of Video Games on Children: The Myth Unmasked. Chicago: Continuum International Publishing Group. Holmes, E.G. (2010). Strange reality: On Glitches and Uncanny Play. Journal for Computer Game Culture, 4(2): 255-275. Wikipedia. (2011). History of Video Games. Web. Jozefowicz, C. (2009). Video Games, Ultimate 10, the Ultimate 10: Entertainment Series. New York: Gareth Stevens Publishing. Jacko, A. (2009). Human-Computer Interaction. Interacting in Various Applications Domains: 13th International Conference, HCI International 2009. San Diego, CA, USA, 2009. Proceedings. Chicago: Springer. JS, Yahoo! Contributor Network. (2007). Video Game Playing May Fulfill Innate Human Need: Study. Web. Raise Smart Kid. (2011). The Good and Bad Effects of Video Games. Web. This research paper on Video Games Impact on Peoples Lives was written and submitted by user Bristol Woodward to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay on Modern American History

Essay on Modern American History Essay on Modern American History Essay on Modern American HistoryThere are no doubts that the Civil Rights Movement has brought tremendous changes to the whole country. Let us explore some of those changes that has impacted modern day America.The main impact of the Civil Rights Movement can be seen in abolition of the practice of racial segregation (firstly in the southern states, and then throughout the whole country), and the adoption of a series of laws to protect the rights of black citizens. It leads to equality among the white and black population. Moreover, the movement has changed not only the attitude to the black population, but it also proved that all people should be treated well in spite of their skin color, race, religious views and other specific characteristics.The Civil Rights Movement helped the country to create new social, legal and political systems because these systems were previously dominated only by the white population. For instance, blacks received the right to vote, to shop, to attend sc hools, universities and other places together with whites. Blacks always called whites in polite way as â€Å"Mr.† or â€Å"Mrs.†, although whites seldom bestowed blacks with such a politeness. So, blacks received not only many rights, but the most important thing that they received was a good and respectful attitude to them. So, modern day America became quite another country with people who have equal rights especially due to the Civil Rights Movement.In addition, the Civil Rights Movement has impacted my life too. For instance, nowadays I have many friends among African-Americans and whites and there are no differences between us. We can visit any place in the country and nobody will try to note that color of our skin is different or that some of us are better. It seems to me that the Civil Rights Movement allowed the country to promote the highest social values better, and it led to very positive results because only in conditions of respect and equality people can improve themselves and lead the country to prosperity. Essay on Modern American History Essay on Modern American History Essay on Modern American History‘Escape from Sobibor’ is a 1987 British movie aired on CBS. The movie was directed by Jack Gold, a British television director, and then shot in Avala, Yugoslavia’s biggest film company. The movie tells the audience about Sobibor – Hitler’s concentration camp in Poland, one of dozens of Nazi death camps built specifically to exterminate Jews from the Germans conquered countries. It is a place where prisoners were executed only because they were Jews. Indeed, the movie describes many of the well-known aspects of the Holocaust, including tortures and some other medical experiments. In 1943, the members of the camp’s resistance succeeded in the most massive escape in the history of the death camps. As a result, the death camp was closed because of the massive escape of inmates who decided to resist the Nazi ‘order.’Lieutenant Pechersky, a Soviet prisoner of war, was transferred from one camp to another until he is brought to his final destination – the Sobibor camp. Almost every day new Jews brought to Sobibor were immediately gassed and burned. The overall oppressive atmosphere of imminent death and inhuman conditions make many even powerful people feel depressed and oppressed. However, Lieutenant Pechersky does not loose heart. He, along with a group of like-minded people, begins to prepare an escape. In fact, this is a very complex undertaking requiring a long and laborious preparation.According to Lieutenant Pechersky’s plan, the prisoners were required to secretly liquidate the SS camp staff, and then seize weapons stockpiled in the camp and kill the guards. The plan succeeded only partially: the rebels were able to kill the part of the SS camp personnel, but they could not seize the armory. The guards opened fire on the prisoners, and they were forced to break out of the camp through the minefields. They managed to crush the guards and go to the forest. Howeve r, a significant proportion of prisoners could not escape due to the difficult consequences. After escaping Pechersky led a guerrilla unit and fought until the arrival of the Red Army. After the war, he was a witness at the trial of Ukrainian collaborators – former security guards at Sobibor. Hence, it is possible to see that this edifying movie is based on the true events occurred during World War II. Indeed, the movie makes people not only believe in everything that happens, but also reflect on the terrible and tragic chapter in the history of mankind.Thus, taking the above-mentioned information into consideration, it is possible to draw a conclusion that ‘Escape from Sobibor’ is a very interesting film that reproduces details of the events that were actually occurred during the Second World War. In fact, it is a truly instructive movie that fully demonstrates the horrors of that period, showing the younger generation the price people has paid for their freedom and prosperity. This tape makes people plunge into that terrible time and allows to feel what the prisoners felt – tortures, torments, and tremendous pains. As a result, ‘Escape from Sobibor’ can rightly be considered to be one of the best movies about the Holocaust. It is highly recommended for those who like watching heroic war movies because it provides only the right thoughts and conclusions about the actual events of those times: about the war, its cruelty, inhumanity and horror of those years.

French Exercise - Si Clause Threads, Second Conditional

French Exercise - Si Clause Threads, Second Conditional This practice exercise can be done as a class or in small groups. It requires familiarity with the second conditional (si clauses), including imperfect and conditional conjugations. What to Do Print out a table for each group (see below).Write the first part of a conditional sentence beginning with si (see suggestions below) in the first table cell. Since this is the second conditional, the si clause needs to be in the imperfect. Invent a result clause, using the conditional, for the second cell.For example: Next, transform the result clause into a si clause and write it in the first column of the second row. (Remember that the verb which was in the conditional now needs to be in the imperfect.) Then invent a corresponding result clause to continue the thread. If clause Result clause Si je gagnais au loto, jachterais une nouvelle voiture. Si je gagnais au loto, jachterais une nouvelle voiture. Si jachetais une nouvelle voiture, je la mnerais lcole. Transform the second result clause into a si clause, and so on, until you have completed the thread. Si je gagnais au loto, jachterais une nouvelle voiture. Si jachetais une nouvelle voiture, je la mnerais lcole. Si je la menais lcole, les autres tudiants madmireraient. Si les autres tudiants madmiraient, ils minviteraient djeuner. To make sure students understand the exercise, start by demonstrating on the board: write a si clause and call on students as you go through the entire thread collectively. Then divide the class into groups of 2 to 4 students and provide each group with an if clause, or have them come up with their own. After each group has completed their thread, either have students read them out loud, or - if there are likely to be a lot of mistakes, as in the case of weaker students - collect the papers and read the threads out loud yourself, either correcting them as you read, or writing the sentences on the board and going over them together. Variations To challenge students creativity, have each group start with the same si clause, and then compare how each one turned out at the end.Assign a different si clause to each group, and after they have each completed one row of the table, have them trade with another group. Each group will then complete the clause in the other groups tables, and then exchange once again with a third group.You can also use this exercise to practice the first conditional and the third conditional. Starter Clauses You and your students can of course invent your own if clauses,* but here are some ideas to get started: Si jallais la luneSi javais un souhaitSi je navais quune semaine vivreSi jà ©tais le prà ©sidentSi jà ©tais richeSi jà ©tais toiSi je faisais mes devoirs tous les joursSi je me cassais la jambeSi je me mariaisSi je pouvais faire la connaissance de nimporte qui dans le mondeSi je pouvais remonter dans le tempsSi je pouvais visiter nimporte quel paysSi je trouvais un portefeuille dans la rueSi je voyais un OVNI (objet volant non identifià ©)Sil y avait des formes de vie intelligente sur dautres planà ¨tesSi les chiens pouvaient parlerSi mon meilleur ami me mentaitSi notre professeur à ©tait en retardSi nous à ©tudiions ensembleSi nous savions le secret du bonheur *If you come up with a great starter clause, please share your ideas. Tables This exercise needs tables with two columns and four rows. Printable pages of tables are available in  Microsoft Word format; you can save and edit this if, for example, you want to type the starter if clause into the first cell of each table. Print enough copies so that you can cut them up and provide at least one table for each group of students. Si Clauses LessonFirst conditional practiceThird conditional practice

European Competition Law - The Market for Industrial Filters Essay

European Competition Law - The Market for Industrial Filters - Essay Example From their study of the documents and as a result of interviews conducted with representatives of the manufacturers in question, the Commission is of the opinion that a number of actions taken in concert by manufacturers of industrial filters in the European Union are in breach of current Competition Law, with particular reference to Articles 81(a)1 and 822. We have been asked by the Commission to study the facts and evidence relating to the case in question and, after careful consideration and research, to advise them on the relevance of such issues in respect of their breaches of the European Unions Competition Laws. In the preparation of this report, we have studied the information in hand and undertaken extensive research, including reference to other relevant Competition cases. Our conclusion, outlined in depth within the main body of this report, is that there is reasonable evidence to confirm that the manufacturers of Industrial Filters have taken action in concert to artificially influence the market and that such action is in contravention of current Competition Law. We have been presented with all of the evidence that has been collected and collated by the Competition Director, where they are investigating the possible breach of EU Competition Laws by the manufacturers of Industrial Filters. In our opinion, there are two main issues to be addressed in reaching constructive conclusions within this report. 1) Does the combination of all the undertakings3 in this event represent a dominant force within the industry in which they operate? 2) Have the same undertakings, arriving at decisions made jointly between them, abused their dominant position and conducted themselves in a way which may affect4 the objectives of free trade within the EU and its member states and, by doing so, committed breaches of the EU’s Competition laws and In what specific areas of the Articles have such breaches manifested themselves? There are a number of  different and varied categories of undertakings as defined within Articles 81 and 82.  Ã‚  

INTOSANA GmbH internship report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

INTOSANA GmbH internship report - Essay Example During this year’s internship program, I was assigned to help in developing the marketing strategy of the company especially through online marketing promotion. In addition, I was tasked to perform a market analysis on a specific target group which turned out to be a vital source of information for the company. With these accomplishments, I did not only able to fulfill my duty as an intern but also contributed to the overall growth of the company. In fact, during the entire internship period, I was able to help them get 15 more clients through my work in marketing strategy. Having worked for eight hours a day in two months, I have fully performed my task and prepared to document my working journey. As such, the purpose of this paper is to primarily recount my internship experiences at Intosana GmbH – my role in the company, the contributions I have made, and the lessons learned from the internship experience. First, the description of the organization will reveal the co mpany’s organizational structure and the role I played in the company. From this, an analysis of my experience will showcase my learnings in business and management. Lastly, I will present a personal evaluation of my experiences to showcase my insights about the entire experience. As a nursing care service facility, Intosana GmbH is a company that primarily provides home care service to the elderly. Having started its operation only in November 2010, the company envisions to expand and to improve its services in Berlin and eventually all over Germany. The company’s growth revolves around its mission which states that it aims to willingly provide assistance and advice to its clients. On its website, the company promotes its reliability by providing â€Å"all levels of care† and cooperating with doctors, pharmacists, medical suppliers, and other service providers to meet the needs of its clients. Moreover, the company prides itself in having a nursing team that is â€Å"qualified, reliable, friendly, and motivated† to assure the clients of round-the-clock service, attention, and care. Specifically, it provides basic care such as meal preparation, pulse checks, washing and catering service. It also provides domestic assistance such as cleaning the client’s residence and home visits by doctors and medical personnel. Aside from medical care, it also organizes services such as contact with support groups, newspaper services, emergency call service and physiotherapy. According to the company, the selection process for their staff involves an emphasis of both technical and interpersonal skills that will contribute to the company’s growth. Also, these qualities are expected to boost the teamwork within the staffs and groups in the company. Additionally, it believes that every employee has â€Å"an independent personality† which means that the company deals with its staff individually. The company further emphasized its s taff being â€Å"courteous and friendly† to its clients. This is mainly attributed to Intosana GmbH’s belief that it treats an individual as a whole, and not as a sick person. My Work Description For two months, I worked eight hours a day at Intosana GmbH from March 1 up to April 30, 2012. My work task involves helping the company improve and develop its marketing strategy to attract more clients and expand its operation in Berlin. Specifically, my role

French and Indian War Brief Essay Example for Free

French and Indian War Brief Essay Major Players in the French and Indian War The French and Indian War was primarily England and the American colonies against the French and various Native American tribes in America. As France expanded its colonies along the Ohio River, and Britain ventured further into the mountains and discovered them, it was inevitable that there would be competition, tension and eventually war between the two colonies. This war has come to be known as the French and Indian war, but it has various other names such as ‘The Seven Year War’ or ‘The War of British Conquest’. The war escalated into a world war in 1760 when France and Britain declared war on each other. It was sparked in America, not Europe, but Great Britain spent a lot of money in helping to fight the war and support to their colonies in America and the colonies participated fully in the war. Main reasons for the French and Indian War Britain and France had long been in a competition for territory in North America. The rich land west and north-west of the Appalachians was in top demand, for it was filled with waterways, fisheries, abundant game and beaver runs. Tensions grew until France and Britain finally declared war on each other for the region in 1756. In the first year, the British were defeated numerous times by the French and their allies, the Native Americans. This is when British Prime Minister William Pitt lent a hand to help out with the war, and funded an expanded war effort which involved shipping 10,000 soldiers overseas. He could see that there was potential of imperial expansion if France were defeated and borrowed substantial amounts of money to contribute. From then on, France’s attempts started to fail. By 1760 they were expelled from Canada, and their all allies in Europe were defeated or made separate peace with Prussia. The War comes to an end The French and Indian War was a great British victory. It ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris and also the Treaty of Hubertsburg in February 1763. In the Treaty of Paris, France lost east-Canada and gave Louisiana to Spain. Britain received Spanish Florida, Upper Canada and other French holdings overseas. The British were very pleased with the treaty, as they no longer had to worry about French attacks as much as they previously did. Also, the extra land meant more room for discovery and settlement, although there were still natives all through the land. Contribution the beginning of the American Revolution Fifteen years after the war, the bitterness the French felt after the loss of their colonial empire influenced their input in the American Revolution.

Aspirin :: essays research papers

Aspirin Aspirin is a white crystalline substance made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is used in the treatment of rheumatic fever, headaches, neuralgia, colds, and arthritis; reduce temperature and pain. The formula for aspirin is CH3CO2C6H4CO2H. Aspirin's scientific name is actylsalicylic acid (ASA). The main ingredient in ASA is salicylic acid. This ingredient grows in small roots, leaves, flowers and fruits on plants. About 100 years ago, a German chemist, Felix Hoffmann, set out to find a drug that would ease his father's arthritis without causing severe stomach irritation that came from sodium salicylate, the standard anti-arthritis treatment of the time. Hoffmann figured that the acidity of the salicylate made it hard on the stomach's lining. He began looking for a less acidic formulation. His search led him to the synthesization of acetylsalicylic acid. The compound shared the therapeutic properties of other salicylates, but caused less stomach irritation. ASA reduced fever, relieved moderate pain, and, at higher doses, alleviated rheumatic fever and arthritic conditions. Though Hoffmann was confident that ASA would prove more affective than other salicylates, but his superiors incorrectly stated that ASA weakens the heart and that physicians would not subscribe it. Hoffmann's employer, Friedrich Bayer and Company, gave ASA its now famous name, aspirin.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is not yet fully known how aspirin works, but most authorities agree that it achieves some of its effects by hindering the flow of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are hormone-like substances that influence the elasticity of blood vessels. John Vane, Ph. D., noted that many forms of tissue injury were followed by the release of prostaglandins. It was proved that prostaglndins caused redness and fever, common signs of inflammation. Vane's research showed that by blocking the flow of prostaglandins, aspirin prevented blood from aggregating and forming blood clots.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aspirin can be used for the temporary relief of headaches, painful discomfort and fever from colds, muscular aches and pains, and temporary relief to minor pains of arthritis, toothaches, and menstrual pain. Aspirin should not be used in patients who have an allergic reaction to aspirin and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The usual adult dosage for adults and children over the age of 12 is one or two tablets with water. This may be repeated every 4 hours as necessary up to 12 tablets a day or as directed by your doctor. You should not give aspirin to children under the age of 12. An overdose of 200 to 500 mg/kg is in the fatal range. Early symptoms of overdose are vomiting, hypernea, hyperactivity, and convulsions. This progresses quickly to depression, coma, respiratory failure and collapse. In case of an overdose, intensive supportive therapy

Long Day’s Journey Into Night

In Eugene O’Neill’s play A Long Day’s Journey into Night, the main protagonist, Mary Tyrone, functions as an instrument of suffering of others. Her sons Jamie and Edmund both suffer internal tragedies that could easily be blamed on her. Like her sons, her husband Tyrone faces his own internal conflicts, some of which are because of Mary. Mary Tyrone is a â€Å"recovering† addict who has an extremely hard time admitting her problem and is sometimes in denial about her problem. Her denial is a huge factor in the suffering that her sons and husband have.Jamie, Mary’s eldest son, is an alcoholic that undermines his brother. In the earlier half of the play the reader learns from Tyrone that Jamie hates Edmund and is extremely jealous and angry towards him. This becomes evident later on the in the play when Jamie tells Edmund how he feels using terms such as â€Å"Mama’s baby and Papa’s pet†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (167), showing the reader his enviou s feelings. Jamie is jealous towards Edmund and resents the fact that he was ever born. Because all of Jamie’s jealousy is due to Edmund’s birth, the true blame and jealousy is toward Mary for giving birth to Edmund.Jamie knows, as well as Mary, knows that the reason for Edmund’s birth was due to the loss of her second son Eugene. After Eugene died Mary felt lost and empty and decided to give birth to a third child, Edmund, in hopes of helping her cope with the loss of her second son. Knowing this adds to Jamie’s jealousy towards Edmund and his bitterness towards his mother. Not only is Jamie angry at his mother for having Edmund, he is angry at her for being in denial of her problem.He knows that his mother is a morphine addict but cannot accept the fact that she won’t admit she is back into her habit. Her addiction causes his addiction. Jamie’s anger towards his mother’s obsession causes him to drink. The more Mary denies her action the more Jamie drinks. Although he is aware of her addiction, he tries cover for her by making up little excuses to her whereabouts and or her physical appearance. Edmund, like Jamie, is also aware of his mother’s morphine addiction but makes excuses of Mary’s actions and appearances to his brother and father.Both Edmund and Jamie hope that by covering for their addicted mother, they will be able to salvage what is left of their broken family. During the play Edmund learns that he has consumption or tuberculosis. This means that he will have to spend up to one year in a sanitarium. After it is learned that Edmund got consumption when he went to foreign lands earlier in life to escape the troubles of his family, it is easy to blame Mary Tyrone for his illness. There would have been no reason for Edmund to escape his family if his mother was not addicted to morphine.If Mary wasn’t an addict than it is highly probable that Tyrone and Jamie would not be alcoholics and Edmund would not be ill and an alcoholic-in-training. After Edmund is diagnosed with consumption, the family must decide on which sanitarium to send him to. Mary and Jamie try to say that Edmund’s consumption is due to the previous sanitariums that Edmund’s cheap father Tyrone decided upon. However, Tyrone’s being cheap is not to blame for Edmund’s illness, his mother is.Mary Tyrone brings about the suffering of her sons and husband through her own morphine addiction. Her addiction contributes immensely to Tyrone’s and Jamie’s alcoholism as well as Edmund’s illness. Their sufferings allow for this play to be a tragedy and for the reader to establish the theme that family-dynamics can hold us back if someone cannot take personal responsibility and move on. Mary Tyrone is a tragic figure in the tragedy A Long Day’s Journey into Night who functions as an instrument of the suffering of others.

Mobile Technology Essay

Mobile technology is the technology used for cellular communication. Mobile code division multiple access (CDMA) technology has evolved rapidly over the past few years. Since the start of this millennium, a standard mobile device has gone from being no more than a simple two-way pager to being a mobile phone, GPS navigation device, an embedded web browser and instant messaging client, and a handheld game console. Many experts argue that the future of computer technology rests in mobile computing with wireless networking. Mobile computing by way of tablet computers are becoming more popular. The most popular tablet at the moment is the iPad, by Apple. Tablets are available on the 3G and 4G networks. Contents 1 4G networking 2 Operating systems 3 Channel hogging and file sharing 4 Future of smartphone 5 External links 6 References 4G networking One of the most important features in the [4G] mobile networks is the domination of high-speed packet transmissions or burst traffic in the channels. The same codes used in the 2G-3G networks will be applied to future 4G mobile or wireless networks, the detection of very short bursts will be a serious problem due to their very poor partial correlation properties. Recent study has indicated that traditional multi-layer network architecture based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model may not be well suited for 4G mobile network, where transactions of short packets will be the major part of the traffic in the channels. As the packets from different mobiles carry completely different channel characteristics, the receiver should execute all necessary algorithms, such as channel estimation, interactions with all upper layers and so on, within a very short time to make the detections of each packet flawless and even to reduce the clutter of traffic. Operating systems Many types of mobile operating systems (OS) are available for smartphones, including: Android, BlackBerry OS, webOS, iOS, Symbian, Windows Mobile Professional (touch screen), Windows Mobile Standard (non-touch screen), and Bada. Among the most popular are the Apple iPhone, and the newest – Android. Android is a mobile operating system (OS) developed by Google. Android is the first completely open source mobile OS, meaning that it is free to any cell phone carrier. The Apple iPhone, which has several OSs like the 3G and 3G S, is the most popular smart phone at this time, because of its customizable OS which you can use to download applications (â€Å"apps†) made by Apple like games, GPS, Utilities, and other tools. Any user can also create their own Apps and publish them to Apple’s App Store. The Palm Pre using webOS has functionality over the Internet and can support Internet-based programming languages such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), HTML, and JavaScript. The Research In Motion (RIM) BlackBerry is a smartphone with a multimedia player and third-party software installation. The Windows Mobile Professional Smartphones (Pocket PC or Windows Mobile PDA) are like that of a personal digital assistant (PDA) and have touchscreen abilities. The Windows Mobile Standard does not have a touch screen but uses a trackball, touchpad, rockers, etc. The original smartphone OS is Symbian, with a rich history and the largest marketshare until 2011. Although no single Symbian device has sold as many units as the iPhone, Nokia and other manufacturers (currently including Sony Ericsson and Samsung, and previously Motorola) release a wide variety of Symbian models each year which gave Symbian the greatest marketshare. Channel hogging and file sharing There will be a hit to file sharing, the normal web surfer would want to look at a new web page every minute or so at 100 kbs a page loads quickly. Because of the changes to the security of wireless networks users will be unable to do huge file transfers because service providers want to reduce channel use. AT&T claimed that they would ban any of their users that they caught using peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing applications on their 3G network. It then became apparent that it would keep any of their users from using their iTunes programs. The users would then be forced to find a Wi-Fi hotspot to be able to download files. The limits of wireless networking will not be cured by 4G, as there are too many fundamental differences between wireless networking and other means of Internet access. If wireless vendors do not realize these differences and bandwidth limits, future wireless customers will find themselves disappointed and the market may suffer setback. Future of smartphone The next generation of smartphones are going to be context-aware, taking advantage of the growing availability of embedded physical sensors and data exchange abilities. One of the main features applying to this is that the phones will start keeping track of your personal data, but adapt to anticipate the information you will need based on your intentions. There will be all-new applications coming out with the new phones, one of which is an X-Ray device that reveals information about any location at which you point your phone. One thing companies are developing software to take advantage of more accurate location-sensing data. How they described it was as wanting to make the phone a virtual mouse able to click the real world. An example of this is where you can point the phone’s camera while having the live feed open and it will show text with the building and saving the location of the building for use in the future. Along with the future of a smart phone comes the future of another device. Omnitouch is a device in which applications can be viewed and used on your hand, arm, wall, desk, or any other everyday surface. The device uses a sensor touch interface, which enables the user to access all the functions through the use of finger touch. It was developed at Carnegie Mellon University. This device uses a projector and camera that is worn on the person’s shoulder, with no controls other than the user’s fingers. Acknowledgment I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. I am highly indebted to (Name of your Organization Guide) for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of (Organization Name)for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this project. I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for giving me such attention and time. My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

AP World History - Learn What Test Score You Need

AP World History - Learn What Test Score You Need World History is a popular Advanced Placement subject, and in 2017 nearly 300,000 students took the AP World History exam. Many colleges have a history requirement as part of their general education programs, and a high score on the exam will often fulfill the requirement and qualify students to take upper-level history courses. About the AP World History Course and Exam AP World History is designed to cover the material one would encounter in a two-semester introductory-level college world history course, although the reality is that very few colleges will award two semesters of credit for the course. The course is broad and covers important people and events from 8000 B.C.E to the present. Students learn to make historical arguments and historical comparisons, and they learn how to analyze and write about both primary and secondary sources. Students study how to contextualize historical events, and how to understand cause and effect in relation to historical phenomena. The course can be broken down into five broad themes: The ways that humans have been shaped by the environment as well as the way that humans have affected and transformed the environment.The rise and interaction of different cultures, and the ways that religions and various  belief systems have molded societies over time.Issues of state including the study of agrarian, pastoral, and mercantile states, as well as the ideological foundations of governing systems such as religion and nationalism. Students also study types of states such as autocracies and democracies, and conflicts and wars between states.Economic systems including their creation, expansion, and interaction. Students study agricultural and industrial systems as well as systems of labor including free labor and coerced labor.Social structures within human societies including those based on kinship, ethnicity, gender, race, and wealth. Students will study have different social groups are created, sustained, and transformed. Along with the five themes, AP World History can be broken down into six historical periods: Name of Time Period Date Range Weight on Exam Technological and Environmental Transformation 8000 to 600 B.C.E. 5 percent Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies 600 B.C.E to 600 C.E. 15 percent Regional and Interregional Interactions 600 C.E. to 1450 20 percent Global Interactions 1450 to 1750 20 percent Industrialization and Global Integration 1750 to 1900 20 percent Accelerating Global Change and Realignments 1900 to the Present 20 percent AP World History Exam Score Information In 2018, 303,243 students took the Advanced Placement World History exam. The mean score was a 2.78. 56.2 percent of students received a score of 3 or higher, meaning they might qualify for college credit or course placement. The distribution of scores for the AP World History exam is as follows: AP World History Score Percentiles (2018 Data) Score Number of Students Percentage of Students 5 26,904 8.9 4 60,272 19.9 3 83,107 27.4 2 86,322 28.5 1 46,638 15.4 The College Board has posted preliminary score distributions for the World History exam for 2019 test-takers. Note that these numbers may change slightly as late exams get recorded. Preliminary 2019 AP World History Score Data Score Percentage of Students 5 8.7 4 19 3 28.3 2 28.9 1 15.1 College Credit Course Placement for AP World History Most colleges and universities have a history requirement and/or a global perspectives requirement, so a high score on the AP World History exam will sometimes fulfill one or both of these requirements. The table below presents some representative data from a variety of colleges and universities. This information is meant to provide a general overview of the scoring and placement practices related to the AP World History exam. For other schools, youll need to search the colleges website or contact the appropriate Registrars office to get AP placement information. AP World History Scores and Placement College Score Needed Placement Credit Georgia Tech 4 or 5 1000-level history (3 semester hours) LSU 4 or 5 HIST 1007 (3 credits) MIT 5 9 general elective units Notre Dame 5 History 10030 (3 credits) Reed College 4 or 5 1 credit; no placement Stanford University - no credit or placement for the AP World History exam Truman State University 3, 4 or 5 HIST 131 World Civilizations before 500 A.D. (3 credits) for a 3 or 4; HIST 131 World Civilizations before 500 A.D. and HIST 133 World Civilizations, 1700-Present (6 credits) for a 5 UCLA (School of Letters and Science) 3, 4 or 5 8 credits and World History placement Yale University - no credit or placement for the AP World History exam A Final Word on AP World History Keep in mind that college placement isnt the only reason to take AP World History. Selective colleges and universities typically rank an applicants  academic record  as the most important factor in the admissions process. Extracurricular activities and essays matter, but good grades in challenging classes matter more. The admissions folks will want to see good grades in college preparatory classes. Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate (IB), Honors, and Dual Enrollment classes all play an important role in demonstrating an applicants college readiness. In fact, success in challenging courses is the best predictor of college success available to the admissions officers. SAT and ACT scores have some predictive value, but the  thing they best predict is the income of the applicant. If youre trying to figure out which AP classes to take, World History is often a good choice. It is a popular exam ranking below just five subjects: Calculus, English Language, English Literature, Psychology, and United States History. Colleges like to admit students who have broad, worldly knowledge, and World History certainly helps demonstrate that knowledge. To learn more specific information about the AP World History exam, be sure to visit the  official College Board website.

American Cultures Impact On The Media Cultural Studies Essay

American Cultures Impact On The Media Cultural Studies Essay None cultures are the same every nation has their own distinct and values. The American and American cultures have very vast differentiation between them. While the culture of America is a mixture of different cultures, the Bangladeshi culture is unique and has its own values and customs. One of the major differences that can be seen between American and Bangladeshi culture is in family relations. While the Bangladeshi are very much family and religious oriented, the Americans are individual oriented. In Bangladeshi culture, the family values are given more prominence than the individual values. Bangladeshi respect family and religious values. On the other hand, in American culture the individual value gets prominence than the family values. Indians are more committed to their family where as the Americans are more committed to themselves only (Difference Between, 2010). The United States is a dynamic country, covering the breadth of a continent. Many cultural currents exist and coe xist within American life. The sections that follow do not attempt to cover every aspect of American culture, but instead zero in on some phenomena, like television, films and American music, that newcomers can study in order to learn more about American life. American values have developed over several centuries, affecting (and often being enriched by) successive waves of immigrants. The best way to look at it is to realize that while Americans are often open to new ways of thinking, they have a deep culture, and a deep sense of being American, one that is not always that easy to describe (Life in the USA,2010). Bangladesh has a rich, diverse culture. Its deeply rooted heritage is thoroughly reflected in its architecture, dance, literature, music, painting and clothing. The three primary religions of Bangladesh (Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam) have had a great influence on its culture and history. The people of Bangladesh have a rich fictional legacy, with the first available form of literature being over a thousand years old. Bengali literature developed considerably during the medieval period with the rise of popular poets such as Chandi Das, Daulat Kazi an Alaol (Bangladesh.com, 2010). Although, local music is still popular in Bangladeshi culture, the younger generation is influenced by the western songs. Youth of America is inspired by American artists, movies, and musical bands are becoming more popular in Bangladesh. Coca Cola and Michael Jackson are popular now in Bangladesh. Fast food, a product of American culture, is available but only in major cities and hotels. Most of the people prefer local foods and deserts. Literacy rate in Bangladesh is high compared with other developing countries. For males, it is 54% and literacy rates among Bangladeshi women are 41.4% (CIA the World Factbook, 2010). Main Body Impact of American Culture on Bangladeshi Culture, Media, and Language Culture: Culture can be described as the exclusive system of shared values, cus toms, beliefs, artifacts, and behaviors that the society members use to confront with their world and also with one another. Moreover, they are transmitted from one generation to another through learning. Culture also refers to the overall cumulative deposit of experience, beliefs, knowledge, values, meanings, attitudes, hierarchies, notions of time, religion, spatial relations, themes of the universe, and possessions acquired by a specific group of people during generations through group and individual striving (Bhabha, 2004). Significant differences are found between cultures of Bangladesh and America. Bangladeshi culture is a sophisticated blend of eastern culture and Islamic traditions. American culture, on the other hand, is a typical example of westernization with distinctive traditions, customs, attitudes and beliefs. It is pertinent to mention that culture is dynamic in nature. Cultures do change over time accepting new traditions while rejecting older ones (refà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). Bangladeshi culture is increasingly becoming influenced by American culture even though the rate of transformation is considerably low compared with other neighboring countries like India and Pakistan.

Lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Lab Report Example Some of the samples were obtained near the river in a hilly place with ample cover of various types trees (Easton p38). While others were obtained away from the river, the main goal being to expose the students to experience field work, and environmental science Hypothesis that we formulated included, most soils found in wabashiki river are clay soils, the nearer the soil is on the river the higher smoother the texture, texture of soils depicts its components, the soil pH is mostly constant Every group having the relevant materials embarked into obtaining the samples for use and documentation. Each and every person within the group was expected to come up with his own samples each. Some from near the river and further away from the river; the sampling site was obtained after the purpose of the study was established thus no major sampling technique was put in place (Easton p135). The study was to take place along the river at different coordinates. The analysis of a soil sample to det ermine its nutrients and the contents contaminated and also other characteristics like the ph. Level. There were various soils testing strategies put in place some were to be done in the field so that one could obtain results as soon, as the soil was from its natural flora, and fauna to avoid defects due to transport handling and storage. Some of the testing done on the field includes crushing, feeling the texture acidity porosity trough exposure to water. The soils were obtained from flat grassy ground, and also from a hilly part near the river the following was observed, Both soils had the same average period of time, i.e. 10yrs though thee color varied as the soils obtained from the grassy flat area had a less color value than those obtained from near the river that had a higher color value. Although the two ended up having the color Chroma values of two each, the soil that was obtained from the grassy flat area was established as a sandy loam soil after cross examination. While the soil obtained from near the river was established as silty clay loam soil. Each collected sample was labeled accordingly comprising the following; group name, student initials, GPS coordinates, section number, date and sample number. Members of the group were to meet and carryout various tests within the laboratory this is where the tests for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were done. The samples were to be divided, and parts of them were dried for the purpose of carrying out tests in total more 10 samples were collected in my group five from near the river, and the other five away from the river this was executed such that each sample came from different coordinates so as to obtain well distributed samples (Easton p 220). After the tests were conducted the following was observed, the soils extracted from near the river had low contents of phosphorous while those obtained from near the river had relatively high quantities of phosphorus. All the samples tested had very low qu antities of nitrogen in them whether they were obtained from further away or near the river. The ph. of all the samples obtained was neutral at 7 points this showed that despite the fact that the samples were obtained from different places none, showed any basic or acidic characteristic. From the results, it was also noted that the all the samples obtained from the two areas, had very high contents of potassium. The tests conducted were fundamental in depicting the various characteristics of each and every sample obtained. The soil texture of the samples obtained varied. z sandy loam soil color sheet 10 color value 3 color chroma 2 ph 7 The soil texture is known as the relative composition of various soil particles size fractions in soil.